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Rajiv Gandhi biography/राजीव गांधी की जीवनी हिंदी में.
Rajiv Gandhi
(1944–1991)
31 October 1984 to 2 December 1989
5 years, 32 days
Youngest to become PM (40 years old)
Rajiv Gandhi, who was born on August 20, 1944, into the well-known Nehru-Gandhi family, was a significant figure in late 20th-century Indian politics. From becoming a commercial pilot to becoming India’s prime minister, his life took several unexpected turns. We shall explore all the different aspects of Rajiv Gandhi’s life in this extensive biography, including his early years, political career, accomplishments, difficulties, and lasting legacy.
Early Life and Schooling:
Feroze and Indira Gandhi gave birth to Rajiv Ratna Gandhi in Mumbai, which was then known as Bombay. Both his mother Indira and grandfather Motilal Nehru had significant political influence in India. Rajiv was introduced to the complexities of administration at an early age due to his upbringing in a politically volatile atmosphere. He attended the esteemed Welham Boys’ School in Dehradun for his early schooling before moving on to the Doon School.
Rajiv went overseas to study in 1961, enrolling in Trinity College, the University of Cambridge, to pursue an engineering degree. He later transferred to Imperial College in London, where he finished his degree in engineering. In addition to his academic interests, he had a strong passion for flying, which inspired him to get a commercial pilot’s license in the UK.
Entry into Politics:
When Rajiv Gandhi’s younger brother Sanjay Gandhi perished in an aircraft accident in 1966, his life took a dramatic change. Rajiv entered politics with this unfortunate tragedy because he had to take on family and political duties. Rajiv was first reluctant to get involved in his mother’s political life as Prime Minister. However, he eventually did.
When Indira Gandhi came back to power in 1980 after a short absence, the political environment was drastically altered. Rajiv Gandhi’s political career took off, and the Indian National Congress (INC), with whom his family had long been affiliated, saw him rise to prominence.
Prime Ministership:
During his time as prime minister, Rajiv Gandhi introduced several bold policies and reforms. The most noteworthy of them was his introduction of information technology and computers into education and government, which made him known as “the Computer Prime Minister.” His policies supporting economic liberalization and industrial expansion demonstrated his vision for a technologically advanced and contemporary India.
Achievements and Reforms:
- Modernization and Technology: Rajiv Gandhi understood how crucial technology would be to the development of India. In order to modernize the educational system and emphasize computer education, he introduced the “National Policy on Education” in 1986.
- Panchayati Raj: The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, which were passed in 1992 and established Panchayati Raj institutions, decentralized authority to the local level and were a major turning point during his presidency.
- Foreign Policy: Rajiv Gandhi was a key figure in world diplomacy, cultivating ties with nations belonging to both the Eastern and Western blocs. His efforts helped India’s standing in the world to improve.
- Economic Reforms: Rajiv started implementing economic reforms in the late 1980s in an effort to liberalize the Indian economy. His policies were to lower bureaucratic barriers, attract foreign investment, and boost entrepreneurial activity.
Challenges and Controversies:
Rajiv Gandhi encountered difficulties and conflicts in office despite his accomplishments. The Bofors affair, which involved purported kickbacks in a weapons contract, damaged the reputation of his administration. Critics also pointed to the way the Sri Lankan Civil War was handled, specifically the intervention of the Indian Peacekeeping Force (IPKF).
Post-Prime Ministership:
When the Congress Party lost the national elections in 1989, Rajiv Gandhi’s political career took yet another terrible turn. He remained involved in politics, holding the role of Leader of the Opposition. However, his premature death prevented him from trying to retake the presidency in the 1991 elections.
Assassination and Legacy:
On May 21, 1991, a suicide bomber connected to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) killed Rajiv Gandhi in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, during an election campaign. His passing was a national shock and signaled the passing of a dynamic leader.
The legacy of Rajiv Gandhi is intricate and multidimensional. Although he is renowned for his economic reforms and vision for a modern India, there are still debates over his administration. His untimely demise contributed even more mystery to his character.
Conclusion In:
Rajiv Gandhi’s life story is a tale of unexpected turns, from pilot to head of the biggest democracy in the world. His mixed legacy of accomplishments and conflicts reflects the intricacies of Indian politics. Rajiv Gandhi is a prominent character in modern Indian history who left a lasting impression on the country he served, regardless of whether he is praised for bringing about scientific achievements or chastised for political errors.
Rajiv Gandhi biography
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Rajiv Gandhi biography/राजीव गांधी की जीवनी हिंदी में.
Shri Rajiv Gandhi
October 31, 1984 – December 2, 1989 – Congress (I)
Rajiv Gandhi biography, Rajiv Gandhi जो चालीस वर्ष की आयु में भारत के सबसे कम उम्र के प्रधान मंत्री बने, दुनिया भर में सबसे कम उम्र के निर्वाचित राज्य नेताओं में से एक भी बने। उनके दादा, पं. जवाहरलाल नेहरू स्वतंत्र भारत के पहले प्रधान मंत्री थे, जिन्होंने 58 वर्ष की आयु में पद संभाला और 17 वर्षों तक सेवा की। उनकी माँ, श्रीमती. उनसे पहले इंदिरा गांधी 1966 में 48 साल की उम्र में प्रधानमंत्री बनी थीं।
राजीव गांधी ने भारतीय राजनीति में पीढ़ीगत परिवर्तन की शुरुआत करते हुए, देश के इतिहास में सबसे बड़ा जनादेश हासिल किया। अपनी मां की दुखद हत्या के बाद, उन्होंने भारतीय संसद के सीधे निर्वाचित सदन, लोकसभा के लिए चुनाव कराने के लिए तेजी से कदम उठाए। इस चुनाव में कांग्रेस पार्टी ने पिछले सात चुनावों की तुलना में लोकप्रिय वोट का बहुत बड़ा हिस्सा हासिल करके 508 सीटों में से रिकॉर्ड 401 सीटें हासिल कीं।
700 मिलियन भारतीयों के मुखिया के रूप में उनकी उल्लेखनीय शुरुआत के अलावा, राजीव गांधी का प्रमुखता तक पहुंचना इस तथ्य के लिए उल्लेखनीय है कि, स्वतंत्रता संग्राम और उसके बाद भी भारत का समर्थन करने के चार पीढ़ी के इतिहास वाले एक राजनीतिक रूप से सक्रिय परिवार से आने के बावजूद, वह अनिच्छा से राजनीति में आये.
राजीव गांधी का जन्म 20 अगस्त 1944 को बॉम्बे में हुआ था और जब भारत आज़ाद हुआ तब वह सिर्फ तीन साल के थे और उनके दादा प्रधानमंत्री बने। उनके माता-पिता नई दिल्ली चले गए, जहाँ उनके पिता फ़िरोज़ गांधी एक साहसी और समर्पित संसद सदस्य के रूप में प्रसिद्ध हुए और उन्होंने अपने प्रारंभिक वर्ष राजनीति में बिताए।
अपने शुरुआती वर्षों के दौरान, राजीव गांधी ने तीन मूर्ति हाउस में समय बिताया, जहां उनकी दादी इंदिरा गांधी ने प्रधान मंत्री की मेजबानी की थी। हिमालय की तलहटी में आवासीय दून स्कूल में स्थानांतरित होने से पहले उन्होंने थोड़े समय के लिए देहरादून में वेल्हम प्रेप में भाग लिया, जहां उन्होंने अपने छोटे भाई, संजय के साथ स्थायी दोस्त बनाए और जीवन का अनुभव लिया।
राजीव गांधी ने अपनी शिक्षा पूरी करने के बाद ट्रिनिटी कॉलेज, कैम्ब्रिज में दाखिला लिया। बाद में, वह मैकेनिकल इंजीनियरिंग की पढ़ाई के लिए लंदन के इंपीरियल कॉलेज में स्थानांतरित हो गए। उन्होंने स्नातक की उपाधि प्राप्त की और विज्ञान और इंजीनियरिंग के प्रति जुनून का प्रदर्शन किया, जो कि परीक्षाओं के लिए अध्ययन के प्रति उनकी अरुचि के बावजूद, राजनीति के प्रति रुझान की कमी को दर्शाता है। उन्हें शौकिया रेडियो, फोटोग्राफी, संगीत और सबसे महत्वपूर्ण उड़ान में रुचि थी।
भारत लौटने और दिल्ली फ्लाइंग क्लब से वाणिज्यिक पायलट का लाइसेंस हासिल करने के बाद राजीव गांधी पायलट के रूप में इंडियन एयरलाइंस में शामिल हो गए। 1968 में अंग्रेजी की एक इतालवी छात्रा सोनिया माइनो से शादी करने के बाद, उनके निजी जीवन में काफी बदलाव आया। श्रीमती में रहना. नई दिल्ली में इंदिरा गांधी के घर में, दंपति ने अपने दो बच्चों, राहुल और प्रियंका के जन्म सहित, अपने आसपास चल रही राजनीतिक गतिविधियों के बावजूद एक संयमित जीवन व्यतीत किया।
1980 में एक महत्वपूर्ण क्षण आया जब उनके भाई संजय की एक विमान दुर्घटना में दुखद मृत्यु हो गई। राजीव गांधी पर राजनीति में प्रवेश करने और अपनी मां, जिन पर हमले हो रहे थे, का समर्थन करने का दबाव बढ़ गया। अपने शुरुआती प्रतिरोध के बावजूद, अंततः उन्होंने तर्क के आगे घुटने टेक दिये और यू.पी. जीत लिया। अमेठी से उपचुनाव, जो उनके भाई की दुखद मृत्यु के कारण हुआ था।
नवंबर 1982 में भारत में एशियाई खेलों की सफल मेजबानी के लिए राजीव गांधी आवश्यक थे। बुनियादी ढांचे को पूरा करने और दोषरहित प्रदर्शन की गारंटी देने के लिए, उन्होंने अपनी प्रभावशीलता और सिंक्रनाइज़ेशन क्षमताओं का प्रदर्शन किया। कांग्रेस के महासचिव के पद पर रहते हुए, उन्होंने पार्टी तंत्र को तर्कसंगत बनाने और पुनर्जीवित करने की प्रक्रिया शुरू की।
31 अक्टूबर 1984 को श्रीमती. इंदिरा गांधी की निर्मम हत्या कर दी गई, जिससे त्रासदी हुई। इस घटना के बाद, राजीव गांधी ने प्रधान मंत्री और कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष की कठिन भूमिकाएँ निभाईं। उन्होंने अपनी व्यक्तिगत पीड़ा और राष्ट्रीय दायित्वों दोनों को अविश्वसनीय अनुग्रह, गरिमा और नियंत्रण के साथ प्रबंधित किया।
इसके बाद के महीने में, राजीव गांधी ने देश के बड़े हिस्से की यात्रा करके, कई सभाओं में भाषण देकर और लाखों लोगों के साथ व्यक्तिगत रूप से बातचीत करके अटूट प्रतिबद्धता का प्रदर्शन किया। वह एक निदर्शनशील, आधुनिक सोच वाले और दृढ़ निश्चयी व्यक्ति थे जो उन्नत प्रौद्योगिकी की दुनिया में सहज महसूस करते थे। उन्होंने भारत को एकजुट रखना और देश को इक्कीसवीं सदी में लाना अपनी शीर्ष प्राथमिकताओं में से दो के रूप में सूचीबद्ध किया।
भारतीय इतिहास उस गहरे प्रभाव को कभी नहीं भूलेगा जो राजीव गांधी के नेतृत्व ने व्यक्तिगत और राजनीतिक चुनौतियों से प्रभावित होकर छोड़ा था। एक अनिच्छुक राजनेता से पीढ़ीगत परिवर्तन के नेता तक की उनकी असाधारण यात्रा एक जटिल और बहुआयामी व्यक्ति को दर्शाती है जो देश की दिशा निर्धारित करने में महत्वपूर्ण था।
Rajiv Gandhi biography–GK—–Rajiv Gandhi biography—GK—-Rajiv Gandhi biography–GK—Rajiv Gandhi biography
Q: Who was Rajiv Gandhi?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi, full name Rajiv Ratna Gandhi, was an Indian politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of India. He was born on August 20, 1944, in Bombay (now Mumbai), and he became the Prime Minister of India in 1984 after the assassination of his mother, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Rajiv Gandhi was a member of the Nehru-Gandhi family, a prominent political dynasty in India.
Q: What is Rajiv Gandhi’s place in Indian political history?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi holds a significant place in Indian political history as he was the youngest Prime Minister of India, taking office at the age of 40. He played a crucial role in modernizing the country and was known for his efforts to bring technological advancements. His leadership was marked by both achievements and challenges, and he served as Prime Minister from 1984 to 1989.
Q: What was the background of Rajiv Gandhi’s family in Indian politics?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi came from the Nehru-Gandhi family, a prominent political family in India. His grandfather, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, was India’s first Prime Minister, and his mother, Indira Gandhi, also served as Prime Minister. The family had a deep-rooted involvement in Indian politics, actively participating in the freedom struggle against British rule.
Q: How did Rajiv Gandhi enter politics?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi entered politics reluctantly, despite coming from a political family. His entry into active politics was prompted by the untimely death of his younger brother, Sanjay Gandhi, in an air crash in 1980. Following this tragedy, political pressures mounted on Rajiv Gandhi to join the political arena and support his mother, who was facing internal and external challenges.
Q: What were Rajiv Gandhi’s contributions as Prime Minister?
Ans: As Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi focused on modernizing India and promoting technology. He played a key role in the successful execution of the 1982 Asian Games held in India. During his tenure, he aimed to propel India into the twenty-first century and emphasized the importance of unity. However, his leadership also faced challenges, including the Bofors scandal and the issues related to the Bhopal gas tragedy.
Q: How did Rajiv Gandhi’s tenure as Prime Minister come to an end?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi’s tenure as Prime Minister ended in 1989 when his party, the Indian National Congress, faced electoral defeat. The Bofors scandal and other controversies contributed to the decline in popularity. He made a comeback in the 1991 elections but was assassinated on May 21, 1991, during a campaign rally in Tamil Nadu.
Q: What is Rajiv Gandhi’s legacy?
Ans: Rajiv Gandhi’s legacy is complex and multifaceted. He is remembered for his efforts to bring about technological advancements in India and his role in the international sphere. However, his political career faced challenges, including controversies and criticism. His tragic assassination in 1991 marked a significant moment in Indian political history, and he continues to be remembered as a dynamic leader with both achievements and shortcomings.
Rajiv Gandhi biography-Short:
Born in Bombay (now Mumbai), India, on August 20, 1944, Rajiv Gandhi was a well-known Indian politician and government figure. He died on May 21, 1991, in Sriperumbudur, close to Madras (now Chennai). Following the tragic assassination of his mother, Indira Gandhi, in 1984, he rose to the position of head of the Congress (I) Party, a section of the Indian National Congress founded in 1981. He held the position of Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989. Regretfully, in 1991 Rajiv Gandhi became an assassin himself.
Sons of Feroze and Indira Gandhi, Rajiv and his younger brother Sanjay (1946–80) were raised. Both received their education at Dehra Dun’s esteemed Doon School (now in Uttarakhand state). Rajiv attended Imperial College in London to further his study, and in 1965 he graduated from the University of Cambridge with a degree in engineering. During his stay in England, he also met Sonia, the woman who would become his wife. He got a commercial pilot’s license after returning to India, and he began working for Indian Airlines in 1968.
Rajiv’s life changed after his brother Sanjay’s tragic death in an airplane disaster on June 23, 1980. Prior to Sanjay’s untimely death, Rajiv had avoided politics. Rajiv entered politics after being introduced by the then-prime minister Indira Gandhi, and in June 1981 he was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the national parliament, through a by-election. At the same time, he joined the national executive of the Congress Party’s youth arm, the Indian Youth Congress.
Following his mother’s murder on October 31, 1984, Rajiv was elected leader of the Congress (I) Party and sworn in as prime minister that same day. In the December 1984 Lok Sabha elections, the Congress (I) Party emerged victorious under his direction. Under his leadership, the nation’s economy was liberalized and the bureaucracy was reformed with audacious measures. However, he encountered difficulties in trying to put an end to separatist activities in Punjab and Kashmir, and financial problems in his government made him less effective as a leader.
Rajiv Gandhi remained the leader of the Congress (I) Party but resigned as prime minister in November 1989 following the party’s defeat in parliamentary elections. Sadly, in May 1991, while campaigning in Tamil Nadu state for the next parliamentary elections, Rajiv Gandhi and sixteen other people were killed by a bomb hidden in a flower basket that a Tamil Tigers member was carrying.
The 1998 assassination plot against Gandhi resulted in the conviction of 26 people. The conspirators, who were made up of Tamil militants from Sri Lanka and their Indian friends, wanted retribution for Rajiv’s 1987 deployment of Indian soldiers to Sri Lanka to execute a peace agreement, which unintentionally sparked hostilities with Tamil separatist insurgents.
Sonia Gandhi, Rajiv’s widow, became the Congress Party’s head after his passing (the “I” designation was officially deleted in 1996). Rahul Gandhi, their son, went on to become a well-known politician in India and a key player in the Indian National Congress.
Rajiv Gandhi biography 1000 Words.
