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List of Chief Ministers of Uttarakhand

Nityanand Swami (2000-2001)

• The first Chief Minister of Uttarakhand, appointed when the state was carved out of Uttar Pradesh in 2000. His tenure focused on laying the administrative and developmental foundation for the new state.

Bhagat Singh Koshiyari (2001-2002, 2019-2021)

• Koshiyari’s first term was brief, but he later served as Chief Minister again, emphasizing development and governance reforms.

Narayan Dutt Tiwari (2002-2007)

• A veteran politician with extensive experience, Tiwari’s tenure was marked by efforts to boost industrial growth and infrastructure development in Uttarakhand.

Bhuwan Chandra Khanduri (2007-2009, 2011-2012)

• Known for his integrity and commitment to development, Khanduri focused on infrastructure projects, anti-corruption measures, and disaster management.

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ (2009-2011)

• Pokhriyal’s tenure saw significant educational and developmental initiatives, although it was marred by allegations of corruption.

Vijay Bahuguna (2012-2014)

• Bahuguna’s period in office was heavily influenced by the 2013 North India floods, and his administration’s response to the disaster was a critical aspect of his tenure.

Harish Rawat (2014-2017)

• Rawat focused on social welfare schemes, rural development, and crisis management during natural disasters, particularly the aftermath of the 2013 floods.

Trivendra Singh Rawat (2017-2021)

• Rawat’s administration emphasized economic development, anti-corruption measures, and improving public services.

Tirath Singh Rawat (2021)

• A short tenure marked by efforts to handle the COVID-19 pandemic and implement various welfare schemes.

Pushkar Singh Dhami (2021-present)

• The current Chief Minister, Dhami has continued the focus on development, disaster management, and improving the state’s infrastructure.

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No.1: Nityanand Swami (2000-2001)

Nityanand Swami (Devanagari: नित्यानन्द स्वामी) (1793–1903) was born as Dinmani Sharma and was one of the senior paramhansas initiated by Swaminarayan, the founder of the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. Nityanand Swami, renowned for his deep scholarship and spiritual knowledge, played a significant role in the early growth and propagation of the Swaminarayan faith.

Early Life and Initiation, in Nityanand:

In 1793, Dinmani Sharma was born in a Brahmin family in what is now part of Uttar Pradesh, India. He showed a strong interest in learning and religion from a young age. In his search for knowledge, he studied extensively a variety of scriptures and spiritual texts. His knowledge and devotion drew Swaminarayan’s attention, who initiated him into the Swaminarayan Sampradaya and gave him the name Nityanand, which means “eternal bliss,” reflecting his joyful and calm disposition.

Contributions to Swaminarayan Sampradaya:

Nityanand Swami was a big part of codifying and spreading Swaminarayan’s teachings. His command over Sanskrit, which he used to write and translate a great deal of literature, showed his scholarship. He was a significant part of the creation of the Shikshapatri, a critical text of the Swaminarayan tradition that outlines follower’s moral and ethical obligations. His efforts made the Sampradaya’s principles accessible to a wider audience, which helped its expansion and consolidation.

Nityanand, Life and Legacy:

Nityanand Swami has traveled extensively throughout his lifetime, spreading Swaminarayan’s message and building temples and learning centers. His sermons attracted many devotees, and both laypeople and scholars sought his wisdom. Nityanand Swami’s impact went beyond the spiritual domain; He was also well known for his participation in social and educational programs, which exemplified the inclusive and reformist spirit of the Swaminarayan movement.

Nityanand Swami lived a long life and died in 1903 at 110 years of age. He is regarded as one of the most revered saints of the Swaminarayan Sampradaya, and his contributions have left a lasting impression on it.

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No.2. Bhagat Singh Koshiyari (2001-2002, 2019-2021)

Shri Bhagat Singh Koshyari assumed the office of the Governor of Maharashtra on 5th September 2019.

Shri Koshyari was born on June 17, 1942, in Palanadhura Chetabgarh, Bageshwar District, Uttarakhand. He finished his post-secondary education in Uttarakhand. He was elected as the General Secretary of the Students’ Union while he was at Almora College from 1961 to 1962. He subsequently served as a member of the Kumaon University Executive Council from 1979–82, 1982–85, and 1988–91.

After graduating in English, Shri Koshyari worked as a lecturer for a few years at Raja Inter College in Raja Ka Rampur, Etah district, Uttar Pradesh. Since 1975, he has been the founder and editor of the weekly magazine “Parvat Piyush” from Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand. This was the start of a successful career as a teacher, writer, and reporter.

He was fondly called “Bhagatda” and joined the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) when he was very young. He was incarcerated under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) from 3 July 1975 to 23 March 1977 in Almora and Fatehgarh Central Jail because he was actively involved in the nationwide agitation against the emergency.

He was appointed a Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council in 1997. Following the establishment of Uttarakhand, he was Minister of Energy, Irrigation, Law, and Legislative Affairs under Shri Nityanand Swami’s government.

From 2001 to 2002, Shri Bhagat Singh Koshyari was the second Chief Minister of Uttarakhand. He was also the BJP’s Uttarakhand State President and National Vice President. He was the Opposition Leader in the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from 2002 to 2007.

He was elected to the Rajya Sabha from Uttarakhand in November 2008 and served there until 2014. He addressed important issues like the “One Rank One Pension” and the “Railway Network in Himalayan States” while he was chairman of the Rajya Sabha’s “Committee on Petitions.”’

Shri Koshyari, a RSS veteran, was the National Vice President of BJP and the BJP Chief of Uttarakhand. He was elected to the 16th Lok Sabha from Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar constituency in 2014. He was a member of the Lok Sabha’s “Committee on Petitions” and reviewed a number of socially significant issues.

In Uttarakhand, Shri Koshyari founded many schools, including Saraswati Vihar Higher Secondary School in Nainital and Saraswati Shishu Mandir and Vivekanand Vidya Mandir Inter College in Pithoragarh. As Uttarakhand’s Energy Minister, he made genuine efforts to help the Tehri Dam displaced people.

Shri Bhagat Singh Koshyari is well-known for his grassroots presence and is a people’s leader in Uttarakhand.

Since his appointment in Maharashtra, he transformed Raj Bhavan into Lok Bhavan, bringing new dynamism to the governorship office. He visited most universities during his tenure as chancellor of 25 public universities in Maharashtra, interacted with teachers and students, and addressed their convocations. Under his direction, universities implemented a number of initiatives to help society during the COVID-19 pandemic. During his tenure of three and a half years, he visited all 35 districts of Maharashtra. From 19 August 2020 to 14 July 2021, he was also governor of Goa.

Shri Koshyari writes well and has written two books: Uttaranchal Pradesh क्या है?और “Uttaranchal: Sangharsh Evam Samadhan.”’

During his term, from November 12, 2020 to November 22, 2020, the state was governed by the president. In his example, Raj Bhavan’s British-era bunker hosted the gallery of freedom struggle revolutionaries, “Kranti Gatha” Also, during his tenure, the new Darbar Hall and Governor’s new residential building, Jal Bhushan, were completed. On February 17, 2023, Shri Koshyari resigned from his position.

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No. 3. Narayan Dutt Tiwari (2002-2007)

Narayan Datt Tiwari: 9th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and First Congress Chief Minister of Uttarakhand.

Narayan Datt Tiwari, also called N.D. Tiwari, has a special place in Indian political history. He served as Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister four times under the banner of the Congress, but never managed to complete a full term. His total tenure was less than four years, and his last term ended in 1989, which marked a major political change as Congress lost the Uttar Pradesh polls and hasn’t gained power in the state since.

Political Significance of Uttar Pradesh:

With more than 15 crore voters, Uttar Pradesh (UP) is India’s most influential state. It has 403 members of the Legislative Assembly and 80 of the 543 seats in the Lok Sabha. UP has played a big part in forming national politics since it was renamed from the United Provinces on January 25, 1950. Through 17 Assembly elections, the state has elected many political figureheads, chief ministers, and prime ministers.

Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh:

Up’s political landscape has been marked by uncertainty despite its political significance.  कुल 21 मुख्यमंत्रियों में से केवल Mayawati, Akhilesh Yadav, and Yogi Adityanath have completed a full five-year term. The state’s complicated caste equations and political dynamics are reflected in this volatility. Ten of the UP’s 21 Chief Ministers were either Brahmins or Thakurs, while the remaining were three Yadavs, three Baniyas, one Lodh, one Jat, one Kayasth, one Dalit, and one Sindhi.

Contributions and Legacy of N.D. Tiwari:

N.D. Tiwari’s political career is remarkable for his numerous Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and his contribution to the establishment of Uttarakhand. He laid the administrative and developmental foundations for the new state as Uttarakhand’s first Congress Chief Minister. His importance in Indian politics is highlighted by his contributions to Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

Caste Dynamics and Political History:

The history of the Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh also reveals the complex caste dynamics in action. Brahmin and Thakur leaders’ eminence highlights their influence in UP’s politics। Meanwhile, the representation of other castes and communities, like Yadavs, Baniyas, Lodhs, Jats, Kayasths, Dalits, and Sindhis, shows the state’s diverse sociopolitical landscape.

A Glimpse into UP’s Political Evolution:

A collection of analyses of UP’s political history and changes under its Chief Ministers provides a comprehensive insight into the state’s changing political story। UP’s political history, from the Congress dominance period to the emergence of regional parties and the present political landscape, shows the ever-changing nature of Indian democracy।

Narayan Datt Tiwari’s legacy, which was marked by his tenure in both Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, shows the broader trends and changes in Indian politics। His career serves as a reminder of the challenges and complexities faced by political leaders in one of India’s most important states।

This examination of Uttar Pradesh’s political history through its Chief Ministers provides useful insight into the elements that have shaped the state’s political scene and are still influencing the nation politics.

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No. 4. Bhuwan Chandra Khanduri (2007-2009, 2011-2012)

Born: 1 October 1934

Political Affiliation: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)

Early Life and Military Career:

Major General Bhuwan Chandra Khanduri, a well-known Indian politician and decorated military officer, was born on October 1, 1934. He started a remarkable military career, receiving the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM) for his outstanding service. His leadership and dedication to the Indian Army laid a solid foundation for his political career after that.

Chief Minister of Uttarakhand:

Khanduri was Uttarakhand’s prime minister two times. 2007 से 2009 तक वह पद पर था. फिर 2011 से 2012 तक वह दूसरा पद पर था। Khanduri, Chief Minister, focused on good governance, transparency, and progress. The strong Lokayukta Bill, which aimed to fight corruption and make public officials accountable, was implemented by his administration. Anna Hazare, a famous anti-corruption activist, praised his efforts in this regard.

Member of Parliament:

In the 16th Lok Sabha, Khanduri represented Uttarakhand’s Garhwal parliamentary constituency. He was a prominent member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and has made a significant contribution to parliamentary debates and proceedings, while advocating for the advancement and well-being of his constituency as well as the state of Uttarakhand.

Cabinet Minister:

Khanduri had previously served as cabinet minister in the Ministry of Surface Transport under the government led by former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. In his position, he played a significant role in advancing India’s infrastructure development, particularly in expanding and updating the national highway network. His contribution was essential to the nation’s transportation system, which enabled economic expansion and connectivity.

Legacy and Contributions, All Information..

Khanduri’s political career is distinguished by his dedication to integrity, efficiency, and service to the people. His military experience instilled a disciplined and strategic approach to leadership. Uttarakhand’s quality of life was improved through a number of developmental initiatives that he implemented during his tenure as Chief Minister. Infrastructure projects, education reforms, and state-wide efforts to boost tourism were among these.

Khanduri also paid attention to Uttarakhand’s natural environment. He supported sustainable development strategies and the protection of the state’s natural resources, ensuring that development and ecological conservation were balanced.

Khanduri had a strong commitment to the welfare of veterans and defense personnel as a former military officer. He supported policies and programs that helped retired soldiers and their families, giving them the respect and support they deserve for their service to the nation.

Khanduri’s political career was full of obstacles। When the BJP lost the majority in the state assembly in 2012, he lost his election from Kotdwara. This ended his second term as Chief Minister. In spite of these difficulties, his contribution to the state’s development and governance is worth mentioning.

Khanduri’s private life was distinguished by his dedication to his family and public service। On May 7, 1985, he got married to Kusum Kanta Pokhriyal. They had three daughters, one of which is Aarushi Nishank, who is a classical dancer, actress, producer, and model. His wife, Kusum, died at the age of 50 on November 11, 2012, in Dehradun.

Legacy and Recognition:

The legacy of Major General Bhuwan Chandra Khanduri can be seen in his service to the nation as a military officer and as a politician. Uttarakhand and the country have long-term effects from his time in public offices. His advocacy for good governance, development, and welfare continues to inspire coming leaders.

Khanduri remains a revered figure in Indian politics due to his integrity, dedication, and unwavering commitment to public service. His life and career demonstrate discipline, responsibility, and dedication to the nation.

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No. 5. Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ (2009-2011)

Political Affiliation: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)

Position: Member of Parliament, 17th Lok Sabha
Constituency: Haridwar, Uttarakhand
Current Role: Minister of Human Resource Development (HRD)

Early Life and Career:

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ was born in Pinani, Uttarakhand’s Pauri Garhwal district, on July 15, 1959. He started as a teacher at the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS)-affiliated Saraswati Shishu Mandir. His political ideology and career were significantly molded by his early involvement with the RSS.

Political Journey, Legislative Career:

Pokhriyal started his political career in 1991 when he was elected from Karnaprayag constituency to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He won again in 1993 and 1996. His 1997 appointment as Uttaranchal Development Minister was a result of his political expertise and dedication to public service.

Pokhriyal was appointed Chief Minister of Uttarakhand in 2009 and served as such until 2011. He worked on a number of developmental projects during his tenure, including infrastructure improvements and education reforms. Nevertheless, accusations of corruption accompanied his term, which led to his resignation in 2011.

Pokhriyal has also been a significant figure in national politics। In the 16th and 17th Lok Sabha, he represented Haridwar parliamentary constituency. His contributions to the Lok Sabha have been remarkable, especially in education and human resource development.

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ was appointed as Cabinet Minister in the second Modi government on May 30, 2019. He was later assigned to the Ministry of Human Resource Development, replacing Prakash Javadekar. Pokhriyal, as the HRD Minister, made a big contribution to the implementation of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which aimed to change India’s education system by encouraging a broad and multidisciplinary education.

Educational Reforms:

Pokhriyal led significant educational reforms in India while he was the HRD Minister. Under his leadership, the NEP 2020 brought about a number of important changes, including a focus on early childhood education and care, a new curriculum structure, and encouragement of vocational education. Additionally, the policy aimed at promoting creativity and critical thinking as well as lowering the content load of the educational program.

Pokhriyal focused on enhancing Uttarakhand’s infrastructure while he was CM. He contributed to the state’s general development by initiating a number of projects to improve road connectivity, healthcare facilities, and tourism facilities.

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ is a prolific writer in addition to his political career. He has written more than one hundred Hindi books, including novels, stories, and poems. His deep involvement with Indian traditions and culture is evident in his writings. Some of his writings have been translated into English and other Indian languages, which has expanded the audience.

Pokhriyal settled down with Kusum Kanta Pokhriyal on May 7, 1985. They had three daughters, one of them is Aarushi Nishank, who is a classical dancer, actress, producer, and model. At the age of 50, his wife died in Dehradun on November 11, 2012.

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ has made a big difference to India’s political and cultural scene. Uttarakhand state development and the country’s education system have been greatly affected by his time as Chief Minister and Minister of Human Resource Development.

His literary contributions as well as his efforts to advocate for educational changes have earned him praise and admiration. In 2021, the Hindi Writers Guild, Canada, honored him and awarded him the ‘Sahitya Gaurav Samman’ for his literary work.

Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’, who is committed to public service and aspires to a more educated and developed India, is still a prominent figure in Indian politics.

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No. 6. Vijay Bahuguna (2012-2014)

Vijay Bahuguna Resigns as Uttarakhand Chief Minister

 Vijay Bahuguna, the state’s then Chief Minister, resigned, ending months of speculation and political manipulation within the state’s ruling party. He resigned while there were increasing signs that Union Minister Harish Rawat was a strong candidate to replace him.

Background of Vijay Bahuguna:

On March 13, 2012, Vijay Bahuguna, a former High Court judge who became a politician, took over as Uttarakhand Chief Minister. While he was in charge, he faced a number of difficulties, one of which was handling the devastating North India floods of 2013, which had a significant effect on the state. Bahuguna’s leadership was criticized for his efforts, especially how he handled post-flood relief and rehabilitation operations.

Bahuguna’s resignation was mainly a result of the Congress party’s growing dissatisfaction with his performance as Chief Minister. According to reports, the high command of the party wanted to revive the leadership in Uttarakhand ahead of the elections, which led to the decision.

Bahuguna spoke to the media, saying his resignation was according to the party’s orders, just before he went to Raj Bhawan to present it to Governor Aziz Qureshi. He expressed his gratitude to the people of Uttarakhand for their assistance during his tenure and reiterated his commitment to serving the state in any capacity that he deemed appropriate by the party.

केंद्रीय मंत्री Harish Rawat arose as a strong contender to succeed Bahuguna as Chief Minister. Rawat, a senior Congress leader who had extensive experience in state and national politics, was thought to be a capable leader who could lead the party to victories in the coming elections.

Rawat was elected as a Member of Parliament from Almora in the early 1970.  He has occupied numerous important roles over the years, including Minister of State for Labour and Employment and Minister of Water Resources. Rawat, known for his grassroots connection and administrative skills, was seen as a leader who could deal with the party’s internal problems and strengthen its position in Uttarakhand.

Political Implications:

Bahuguna’s resignation and the expected shift in leadership were thought to be a strategic move by the Congress party to regain its grip in Uttarakhand. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), which was gaining strength in the state, challenged the party. The Congress decided to appoint an experienced leader like Harish Rawat in order to strengthen its support base and present a united front in the coming elections.

Also, the shift in leadership was expected to address the growing division within the party’s state unit. Bahuguna’s leadership was cited as governance and administrative inefficiency, according to a number of senior party workers and leaders. The appointment of Rawat was expected to inject new energy and restore confidence in the party cadre.

Transition and Future Prospects:

Both public and political analysts closely observed the leadership shift from Vijay Bahuguna to Harish Rawat. Uttarakhand’s prospects for the Congress party will depend on Rawat’s ability to manage the state’s complicated political landscape and deliver a successful governance.

Bahuguna saw the resignation as the end of a challenging Chief Minister’s tenure. His political career was never finished. As a faithful party member, he promised to continue working to improve Uttarakhand and help the new leadership in their efforts.

Following his resignation, Bahuguna focused on making a smooth transition and supporting Harish Rawat. He appealed to party members and supporters to unite in support of the new leadership.

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